With spine osteochondrosis, bone and cartilage fabric of one or more column departments is destroyed.This disease is chronic and develops in almost every elderly.This is due to the usual aging of the body.
Intervertebral discs are subjected to atrophic changes and, at what age this will happen depends on many factors:
- injuries;
- Diseases and spinal overload.
The spine overload belongs to:
- Walking with a curved turn;
- inappropriate seat;
- Characteristics of the spinal column structure;
- Insufficient nutrition of spine tissues due to hereditary anomalies.
With osteochondrosis, the core located between the vertebrates loses part of the water.For this reason, metabolic disorders are disturbed in the nucleus and various minerals and vitamins are difficult to access.
After a while, the cracks appear on the disc, it becomes flat.Then the close joints and ligaments begin to be affected, forming tissue inflammation.Due to inflammation, there is a displacement of neighboring vertebrae.This is dangerous for the appearance of root symptoms: pain along the affected nerve.
The appearance of intervertebral hernia is also possible and, in turn, can cause compression of the spinal cord.Osteochondrosis is characterized by the appearance of osteophytes - bone growth in vertebral bodies.These growths can squeeze the spinal cord and cause Rooser syndrome.
Most of the time, cervical and lumbar parts are subject to osteochondrosis.
Cervical osteochondrosis
Reasons:
- sports activities (heavy athletics);
- Overweight;
- metabolic violation;
- Sedentary work (programmers, accountants, drivers, etc.);
- Smooth feet;
- spine lesions;
- hypothermia.
Symptoms
The main symptoms of cervical spine osteochondrosis are head and neck pain.The person is worried about serious headaches, neck pain, giving in hand, sternum pain.The patient may complain about shelters - the appearance of acute neck pain, a spasm of the muscle muscles and the restriction of movement.
In addition, a person can hear a crisis by turning his neck.Due to the pinch of nerves and blood vessels, a person can have a numbness of the tongue and tips of the fingers.The patient will complain of a decrease in hearing and vision, increased blood pressure and weakness in the arms and leg muscles.
Thoracic
This type of osteochondrosis is quite rare.This is due to the anatomical structure of the thoracic column.It consists of 12 vertebrae, which are connected to the ribs due to the joints.Before the ribs are connected by the sternum.Thus, an excellent spine structure, sternum and ribs is created, which protects the internal organs from various lesions.
The vertebrae in the chest region have a small height and spicy long processes located above the other, such as a tile.Due to this structure, this column is small mobility.Intervertebral discs of the thoracic region are rarely injured.
The reasons for the formation of this type of osteochondrosis:
- irrational load distribution;
- delay in intervertebral disc diet;
- Sedentary work;
- The presence of scoliosis.
Symptoms
As with other types, the main symptom of thoracic region osteochondrosis is pain.
But with thoracic osteochondrosis, pain may be different.Dorsalgia - Long discomfort and poor pain along the chest vertebrae.Pain can affect cervical and lumbar areas.
Dorsago is one of the signs of thoracic region osteochondrosis, in which pain occurs in the form of an attack.By nature, it is intense, acute, leads to the difficulty of breathing, leads to limiting muscle movements.In addition to pain, patients may have a feeling of numbness in the chest, impaired sexual function, heart pain, kidney and stomach.
Why is damage to the thoracic region?
The spine is organized so that, in the ribcage, it narrows, so that the hernias that occur due to osteochondros will quickly lead to compression of the spinal cord.This will easily lead to heart problems, pancreas, liver and kidneys, because the thoracic region is associated with all these nerve fiber organs.This is why it is very important to consult a doctor in time.This will help find out where signs of osteochondrosis that bother you have come and will perform competent treatment of the disease.
Lumbar osteochondrosis
Lumbar spine osteochondrosis occurs due to the severity of the survey.Normally, in the center of the intervertebral disc is a core that contains a large amount of water.Due to the liquid, the core becomes little compressed and, for its rupture, will be compressed 500 kg.
However, the disc reached by osteochondrosis becomes weaker and only 200 kg will be necessary to break it.If a person who weighed 70 kg raises 15 kg of load in a double position and, for the spine, this is a load of 200 kg, the intervertebral disc may burst.This is why the first symptoms of spine osteochondrosis manifest themselves when lifting gravity.
Symptoms
- Lumbar pain;
- the impossibility of movement in the lower back;
- Harmful sleep;
- irritability;
- fatigue;
- the impossibility of making domestic needs;
- decreased sexual function in men;
- Violation of the menstrual cycle;
- Cold leg syndrome.
In the transition of osteochondrosis to the sacral region, the patient has kidney pain and urination.
Diagnosis
The treatment of osteochondrosis is performed by a neurologist.For starters, he examines the spine column, pay attention to the presence of scoliosis.After the feeling, the doctor can understand how the spine of the spine, the tendons and the nerves.
After the neurologist will suspect spinal osteochondrosis, he will direct the patient to additional examinations.This includes the passage of radiological examination, magneto resonance images.In case of suspicion of the destruction of the intervertebral disc, the discography is performed.It is also prescribed to determine the degree of damage to nerve paths.
In general, the diagnosis of “spine osteochondrosis” is very difficult.After all, a person can complain about pain in the heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas or sexual dysfunction.Still, after a careful examination, an experienced doctor may suspect this disease and prescribe the correct treatment.
Treatment
Osteochondrosis therapy is a very long and severe process.In the acute period, the patient needs peace of the affected segment.If the cervical department is affected, the patient should use a fanta collar.If the lower back hurts, the patient needs bed rest.It is better to put the patient in a hospital.Only there will he completely observe the designated regime.This patient's bed should be difficult.To do this, place a wooden shield under the mattress.
Drug treatment
As mentioned above, the main symptom of the disease is pain.Therefore, an painkiller is prescribed to the patient to relieve pain and other symptoms of osteochondrosis.
The non -non -esteroid anti -inflammatory drugs are also prescribed.
Unfortunately, prolonged use of these drugs causes damage to the gastrointestinal tract membrane and the patient has the following symptoms:
- nausea;
- vomit;
- stomach pain;
- Feeling in the stomach.
Gastric ulcer can also exacerbate or gastric bleeding appears.Therefore, before using these medications, you need to consult a doctor.If the pain caused by osteochondrosis lasts 3 months, antidepressants are prescribed along with these medications.It has been established that, in addition to a calming effect, they are able to reduce pain.
All drugs above may be attributed to symptomatic therapy.They will help relieve pain, but will not save a person from their own disease.
To restore intervertebral discs and cartilage, chondoprotective are prescribed.These medications improve metabolism in connective tissue and contribute to the restoration of cartilage.Medicines take a long period of time, on average - 4 to 6 months.
In addition to restoring tissues and improving metabolism in them, these medications also have an analgesic effect.Another group of medicines required for spine osteochondrosis is medicines that improve blood circulation.Its use contributes to the expansion of blood vessels and, if antioxidant preparations are taken in combination with them, nerve cell metabolism will improve in humans.
As with any disease, patients need calcium preparations.It will restore bone tissue activity, increase the strength of ligaments and tendons and will also become a prevention of osteoporosis - a disease that accompanies osteochondrosis.
Medical Physical Education
The dosed load in the spinal column will improve the patient's condition.But you need to do exercise very carefully.In the acute period, Physical Education classes are against -Indicated.Only with the subsidence of pain can it begin to get involved a little.
Exercises will improve blood circulation in the spine, strengthen the muscles.Due to blood flow, metabolism will improve and the restoration of damaged intervertebral discs will begin.But we must also remember that classes should be performed regularly, otherwise there will be no result.
Exercises for damage to the cervical region
- Lie up with your back and straighten.Put a hand in the stomach, and the second in the chest and breathe, take your breath for 10 minutes, then exhaust and relax.The duration of the exercise is 3 to 5 minutes.Per day you need to run 3-5 times.
- Lie up in the stomach and straighten your legs.Based on the stomach and legs, you need to lift your head and upper chest.3 to 5 minutes exercise with a 30 second interval.
- Lie on your back and bend your knees.In this position, turn to the right and left side.3 to 5 minutes exercise with a 30 second interval.
Damage to the thoracic region
- Pour into the stomach.Put your hands on the floor and fold back.Hold in this position for 5 to 10 seconds.3 to 5 minutes exercise with a 20 second interval.
- Lie up with your back.Raise your head and legs up ("boat").Lying for 10 to 20 seconds.3 to 5 minutes exercise with a 20 second interval.
Lumbar damage exercises
- Lie up with your back, bend your knees and press them on your chest.Blink back and forth and roll from the back to the sacred and back.Balance up to 2 minutes.So you need to lie down calmly and relax.
- It is necessary to remain four and bend as much as possible.3 to 5 minutes exercise with a 20 second interval.
- In standing position, imagine that twisting the rim for 2 to 3 minutes.Exercise perform 10 times a day.
Surgical treatment
In the absence of the effect of conservative treatment and the appearance of complications of osteochondrosis, surgical treatment is prescribed.During the operation, spine stabilization is performed, the pressure in the spinal cord and the roots are eliminated.If a person has an intervertebral hernia, they are removed.As long as, when performing this operation, it is possible to damage to the spinal cord and nerves, it is performed only according to vital indications.
Physiotherapeutic treatment
The appointment of physiotherapeutic procedures positively affects the course of the disease and accelerates the recovery process.With osteochondrosis, it is allowed:
- Visiting a sauna or bath;
- swimming in the pool;
- massage;
- Paraffin therapy;
- Manual therapy;
- laser therapy;
- several baths;
- mud;
- Electrophoresis with anti -inflammatory drugs or muscle relaxants;
- Magnetotherapy;
- D 'fire.
All of these procedures improve blood circulation in the sick area, allow you to relax with the muscles and relax the entire body.Physiotherapeutic procedures are prescribed in the rehab period when the patient is not disturbed by intense pain.
Prevention
No one is safe from osteochondrosis.After all, we are all aged and, with us, our whole body is aging.So that the disease does not destroy your plans, you still need to play sports since young people.Moderate physical activity helps improve blood circulation, normal metabolism.In addition, he trains muscles that protect the spine from the spine.For the prevention of osteochondrosis, everyone must:
- Eating correctly - vitamins and minerals needed for the body;
- abandon bad habits;
- get involved in physical education;
- Do not include;
- Protect your back from hypothermia;
- Does not raise very heavy objects;
- Take a bath of contrast and harden;
- Avoid stress.
It is especially important for people suffering from this disease to follow all recommendations, because their failure to comply with an exacerbation.When back pain, which does not go through a long time, it is necessary to seek help from an expert.Only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment.
Do not tighten with a visit to the clinic, because it is better to treat the disease in the early stages.Also, not self -medical -any medicine has their own against -indications, which you may not know.Strictly observe all the doctor's recommendations and then the disease will be withdrawn soon!